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Dysphagia in the elderly.

Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2008 Nov;19(4):853-66, ix-x

Authors: Humbert IA, Robbins J

The capacity to swallow or eat is a basic human need and can be a great pleasure. Older adults look forward to sharing mealtimes and participating in social interactions. The loss of capacity to swallow and dine can have far-reaching implications. With age, the ability to swallow undergoes changes that increase the risk for disordered swallowing, with devastating health implications for older adults. With the growth in the aging population, dysphagia is becoming a national health care burden and concern. Upward of 40% of people in institutionalized settings are dysphagic. There is a need to address dysphagia in ambulatory, acute care, and long-term care settings.

PMID: 18940645 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Treatment of oral and pharyngeal dysphagia.

Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2008 Nov;19(4):803-16, ix

Authors: Logemann JA

Research on treatment of oropharyngeal dysphagia has supported several treatment approaches. Treatment can include postural changes, heightening preswallow sensory input, voluntary swallow maneuvers, and exercises. Evidence to support the efficacy of these procedures is variable. An instrumental study of a patient’s oropharyngeal swallow forms the basis for treatment selection.

PMID: 18940642 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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The bedside examination in dysphagia.

Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2008 Nov;19(4):747-68, viii

Authors: Carnaby-Mann G, Lenius K

The evaluation of swallowing disorders currently uses a variety of methods. The most common dichotomy is between instrumental and noninstrumental or clinical examinations. The clinical bedside assessment often is considered the mainstay of dysphagia management. As the first line of assessment, it frequently defines the process and requisites of the task. This article reviews the available methods of noninstrumental bedside swallowing assessment and considers the issues surrounding the use of these approaches today.

PMID: 18940639 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing.

Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2008 Nov;19(4):787-801, viii-ix

Authors: Leder SB, Murray JT

Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing is a technique that allows for the assessment of pharyngeal dysphagia and the implementation of rehabilitation interventions with the goal of promoting safe and efficient swallowing. An overview of the equipment needed for the laryngoscopic evaluation, how to conduct the examination, what can be visualized endoscopically, diagnostic parameters, the implementation of therapeutic strategies, and suggestions for future research are discussed herein.

PMID: 18940641 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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